• First indication is often a high temperature over 40 degrees Celsius
• This is followed by a dry cough that sounds like the bark of a seal
• The child may also have trouble breathing and a strange sound may be produced when they inhale
• Hoarseness of the throat
• Feeling of suffocation
• Fits of coughing
• Commonly preceded by a cold, bronchitis, or allergy attack, but may also be an indication of a foreign body lodged in the airways
• Attacks most commonly occur at night

Most cases of croup are caused by viral infection which is transmitted by exposure to droplets spread by coughing and sneezing. The infection causes the larynx and/or trachea (windpipe) to swell and narrow, causing breathing difficulties. Children are more susceptible than adults since their airways are already very narrow.

If the infection results in mucus production, the airway may become even more clogged.

Increasing the moisture in the air is the best way to relieve croup. Switch off all heating appliances and air conditioners and put the child in a humid environment, such as the bathroom with the shower running. A humidifier is also very effective.

It is important that both you and your child stay calm, as being anxious will make breathing more difficult. Rest is also important.

Many health professionals recommend sleeping in the same room as your child so that you can monitor the condition overnight (which is when the symptoms are at their worst). Make sure the child is comfortable and well-hydrated.

There are many natural therapies that may be of assistance with croup, however, due to the age of the children concerned, we recommend that you consult your health care professional before using them.

• Specific homoeopathic remedies according to your child's individual symptoms
• Steam may help loosen phlegm and relax the throat. Turn on the shower and let steam accumulate in your bathroom. Carry your child around in the room (but not under the shower) until breathing becomes easier.
• Maintain high fluid levels - pure water, chamomile herbal tea and home made soup are good choices. If you suspect your child is becoming dehydrated, seek medical attention.